概述

Overview

角鋼屬建造用碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼，是簡(jiǎn)單斷面的型鋼鋼材，主要用于金屬構(gòu)件及廠房的框架等。在使用中要求有較好的可焊性、塑性變形性能及一定的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度。生產(chǎn)角鋼的原料鋼坯為低碳方鋼坯，成品角鋼為熱軋成形、正火或熱軋狀態(tài)交貨。

Angle steel is a type of carbon structural steel used in construction, which is a simple section steel material mainly used for metal components and the frame of factories. Good weldability, plastic deformation performance, and certain mechanical strength are required during use. The raw steel billets for producing angle steel are low-carbon square steel billets, and the finished angle steel is delivered in hot-rolled, normalized, or hot-rolled state.

種類及規(guī)格

Types and specifications

主要分為等邊角鋼和不等邊角鋼兩類，其中不等邊角鋼又可分為不等邊等厚及不等邊不等厚兩種。

It is mainly divided into two types: equilateral angle steel and unequal angle steel. Among them, unequal angle steel can be further divided into two types: unequal angle steel with equal thickness and unequal angle steel with equal thickness.

角鋼的規(guī)格用邊長(zhǎng)和邊厚的尺寸表示。目前國(guó)產(chǎn)角鋼規(guī)格為２—２０號(hào)，以邊長(zhǎng)的厘米數(shù)為號(hào)數(shù)，同一號(hào)角鋼常有２—７種不同的邊厚。進(jìn)口角鋼標(biāo)明兩邊的實(shí)際尺寸及邊厚并注明相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。一般邊長(zhǎng)１２.５cｍ以上的為大型角鋼，１２.５cｍ—５cｍ之間的為中型角鋼，邊長(zhǎng)５cｍ以下的為小型角鋼。

The specifications of angle steel are represented by the dimensions of edge length and edge thickness. At present, the specifications of domestically produced angle steel are 2-20 centimeters, with the length of the side measured in centimeters as the number. The same angle steel often has 2-7 different edge thicknesses. Imported angle steel shall indicate the actual dimensions and edge thickness on both sides and relevant standards. Generally, the side length is 12 Large angle steel above 5cm, 12 Medium angle steel is between 5cm and 5cm, and small angle steel is below 5cm in length.

進(jìn)出口角鋼的定貨一般以使用中所要求的規(guī)格為主，其鋼號(hào)為相應(yīng)的碳結(jié)鋼鋼號(hào)。也即角鋼除了規(guī)格號(hào)之外，沒(méi)有特定的成分和性能系列。

The ordering of inlet and outlet angle steel is generally based on the specifications required for use, and its steel grade is the corresponding carbon steel grade. That is to say, angle steel has no specific composition or performance series except for the specification number.

角鋼的交貨長(zhǎng)度分定尺、倍尺兩種，國(guó)產(chǎn)角鋼的定尺選擇范圍根據(jù)規(guī)格號(hào)的不同有３—９ｍ、４—１２ｍ、４—１９ｍ、６—１９ｍ四個(gè)范圍。日本產(chǎn)角鋼的長(zhǎng)度選擇范圍為６—１５ｍ。

The delivery length of angle steel is divided into two types: fixed length and double length. The selection range of fixed length for domestic angle steel is 3-9m, 4-12m, 4-19m, and 6-19m according to different specification numbers. The length selection range for angle steel produced in Japan is 6-15m.

不等邊角鋼的截面高度按不等邊角鋼的長(zhǎng)邊寬來(lái)計(jì)算。

The cross-sectional height of unequal angle steel is calculated based on the length and width of the unequal angle steel.

進(jìn)出口情況

Import and export situation

我國(guó)進(jìn)口、出口角鋼各有一定批量，主要從日本、西歐進(jìn)口。出口輸往地區(qū)主要為港澳、東南亞、拉美及阿拉伯國(guó)家等。出口生產(chǎn)企業(yè)主要為遼寧、河北、北京、上海、天津等省市的鋼鐵廠（軋鋼廠）。

China imports and exports a certain amount of angle steel, mainly from Japan and Western Europe. The main export destinations are Hong Kong, Macau, Southeast Asia, Latin America, and Arab countries. The main export production enterprises are steel mills (rolling mills) in provinces and cities such as Liaoning, Hebei, Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin.

進(jìn)口角鋼品種多為大型、小型角鋼及特殊形狀角鋼，出口品種多為中型角鋼如６號(hào)、７號(hào)等。

The imported angle steel varieties are mostly large, small, and special shaped angle steel, while the exported varieties are mostly medium-sized angle steel such as No. 6, No. 7, etc.

外觀質(zhì)量要求

Appearance quality requirements

角鋼的表面質(zhì)量在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中有規(guī)定，一般要求不得存在使用上有害的缺陷，如分層、結(jié)疤、裂縫等。

The surface quality of angle steel is specified in the standard, and generally requires that there should be no harmful defects during use, such as delamination, scarring, cracks, etc.

角鋼幾何形狀偏差的允許范圍在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中也有規(guī)定，一般包括彎曲度、邊寬、邊厚、頂角、理論重量等項(xiàng)，并規(guī)定角鋼不得有顯著的扭轉(zhuǎn)。

The allowable range of geometric deviation of angle steel is also specified in the standard, generally including curvature, edge width, edge thickness, apex angle, theoretical weight, etc., and it is stipulated that angle steel shall not have significant torsion.

化學(xué)成分檢驗(yàn)

Chemical composition testing

（１）成分指標(biāo)：角鋼的化學(xué)成分屬一般結(jié)構(gòu)用軋制鋼材系列，主要檢驗(yàn)指標(biāo)為C、Ｍn、Ｐ、Ｓ四項(xiàng)。根據(jù)牌號(hào)不同，含量各有差別，大致范圍為C＜０.２２%、Ｍn：０.３０—０.６５%、Ｐ＜０.０６０%、Ｓ＜０.０６０%。

(1) Composition indicators: The chemical composition of angle steel belongs to the general structural rolled steel series, and the main inspection indicators are C, Mn, P, and S. According to different grades, the content varies, roughly ranging from C<0 22%, Mn: 0 ３０—０. 65%, P<0 060%, S ＜ 0 060%.

（２）檢驗(yàn)方法：檢測(cè)上述化學(xué)成分時(shí)，常用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法有ＧＢ２２３、ＪＩＳＧ１２１１—１２１５、ＢＳ１８３７、ＢＳ手冊(cè)１９、ГОСТ２２５３６等。

(2) Inspection methods: When detecting the above chemical components, commonly used standard inspection methods include GB223, JISG1211-1215, BS1837, BS Manual 19, and ГОСТ 22536.

常用產(chǎn)品、規(guī)格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

Common products, specification standards

ＧＢ/Ｔ２１０１—８９（型鋼驗(yàn)收、包裝、標(biāo)志及質(zhì)量證明書的一般規(guī)定）；ＧＢ９７８７—８８/ＧＢ９７８８—８８（熱軋等邊/不等邊角鋼尺寸、外形、重量及允許偏差）；ＪＩＳＧ３１９２—９４（熱軋型鋼的形狀、尺寸、重量及其容許差）；ＤＩＮ１７１００—８０（普通結(jié)構(gòu)鋼質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）；ГОСТ５３５—８８（普通碳素型鋼技術(shù)條件）。

GB/T2101-89 (General provisions for acceptance, packaging, marking and quality certificate of section steel); GB9787-88/GB9788-88 (Dimensions, Shape, Weight, and Allowable Deviation of Hot Rolled Equal/Unequal Edge Angle Steel); JISG3192-94 (Shape, Size, Weight, and Allowable Deviation of Hot Rolled Section Steel); DIN17100-80 (Quality Standard for Ordinary Structural Steel); ГОСТ 535-88 (Technical conditions for ordinary carbon steel sections).

根據(jù)上述標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定，角鋼應(yīng)成捆交貨、其捆扎道次、同捆長(zhǎng)度等應(yīng)符合規(guī)定。角鋼一般屬裸裝交貨，運(yùn)輸和儲(chǔ)存均需注意防潮。

According to the above standards, angle steel should be delivered in bundles, and its bundling passes, bundling lengths, etc. should comply with the regulations. Angle steel is generally delivered naked, and moisture prevention should be taken into account during transportation and storage.

機(jī)械性能檢驗(yàn)

Mechanical performance testing

（１）檢驗(yàn)方法：

(1) Inspection method:

①拉伸試驗(yàn)方法。常用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法有ＧＢ/Ｔ２２８-８７、ＪＩＳＺ２２０１、ＪＩＳＺ２２４１、ＡＳＴＭＡ３７０、ГОСТ１４９７、ＢＳ１８、ＤＩＮ５０１４５等；② 彎曲試驗(yàn)方法。常用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn)方法有ＧＢ/Ｔ２３２-８８、ＪＩＳＺ２２０４、ＪＩＳＺ２２４８、ＡＳＴＭE２９０、ГОСТ１４０１９、ＤＩＮ５０１１１等。

① Tensile testing method. The commonly used standard inspection methods include GB/T228-87, JISZ2201, JISZ2241, ASTMA370, ГОСТ 1497, BS18, DIN50145, etc Bending test method. The commonly used standard inspection methods include GB/T232-88, JISZ2204, JISZ2248, ASTME290, ГОСТ 14019, DIN50111, etc.

（２）性能指標(biāo)：考核角鋼性能的檢驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目主要為拉伸試驗(yàn)和彎曲試驗(yàn)。指標(biāo)包括屈服點(diǎn)、抗拉強(qiáng)度、延伸率及彎曲合格等項(xiàng)。

(2) Performance indicators: The inspection items for assessing the performance of angle steel mainly include tensile tests and bending tests. The indicators include yield point, tensile strength, elongation, and qualified bending.

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